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The botanical market, explained honestly.
Free, cited education from the team behind the drug-to-plant reference: how to read the evidence, how to tell species apart, and what product labels do — and don’t — guarantee. Everything here teaches and cites; nothing here tells you what to take.
Evidence literacy
Evidence tiers A–G, explained
How Myto grades the research behind every plant entry — from systematic reviews down to computer-model hypotheses — and why a low tier isn't a verdict.
Species clarity
Blue lotus vs. passionflower “resin”: two plants, one confusing label
Nymphaea caerulea and Passiflora incarnata are different families, chemistries, and traditions — yet both sell as 'resin.' What the label doesn't tell you.
Species clarity
Kava and kratom are not the same thing
Two botanicals constantly confused in commerce — different plants, chemistry, research questions, and regulatory pictures.
Authentication
The species-substitution problem in botanical products
The species on the label and the species in the bag are not always the same plant. Why substitution happens, where it hides, and how to check.
Buyer education
What “standardized extract” actually means on a label
Ratios like 10:1, percentages like '5% withanolides,' and words like 'full-spectrum' — what each label convention does and doesn't guarantee.
Evidence literacy
Why “natural” doesn’t mean “no interactions”
Plants act through the same enzymes, transporters, and receptors medications use. What interaction records actually document, and why disclosure matters.
Buyer education
How to read a botanical certificate of analysis
The COA is the only document that says what's actually in a botanical product. What each section means and the red flags that matter.
Buyer education
Eight questions to ask before buying any botanical product
A pocket checklist for evaluating any herb or extract — identity, specification, documentation, and the one conversation that matters most.
Authentication
The economics of botanical adulteration — and why testing is the only fix
Adulteration isn't an accident; it's a margin strategy. How economically motivated substitution works and what a defensible supply chain looks like.
Species clarity
“Which species is it, actually?”
14 trade names — sea moss, cinnamon, ginseng, skullcap, and more — each covering multiple distinct species that commerce quietly swaps. One page per name: the claimant species, how to tell them apart, and what documentation settles it.
Browse the which-species guides →